"On A New kind of rays"_birth of X-Ray

-
Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen - German Mechanical Engineer&Physicist.

In 8 Nov 1895, Rontgen discovered a new kind of ray named "x-ray" or "Rontgen ray".In 1901,he won prize in Physics to discover new electromagnetic radiation in shorter wavelength which has been breakthrough in medical field diagnosis radiology.
  
Discovery of X-ray
 In 1888,  He was Physics chair in University of wurzberg, his family was in lowa US he decided to emigrate also accept an appointment at Columbia University, before the outbreak of World war 1 changed his plan.
One Friday, in 1895 he was working in his laboratory at University of Wurzberg, Röntgen was investigating the external effects from the various types of vacuum tube equipment—apparatuses from Heinrich Hertz, Johann Hittorf, William Crookes, Nikola Tesla and Philipp von lenard - when electrical discharge is passed  through them. 
 👨🏼‍🔬He repeated his experiment with one of Lenard's tubes in which a thin aluminium window cover with Barium Platinocynanide coated card board would be prevent aluminum window from strong electrostatic field in cathode ray tube.
👨🏼‍🔬Röntgen know that the cardboard covering prevented light from escaping, yet he observed that the invisible cathode rays caused a fluorescent effect on a small cardboard screen painted with barium platinocyanide when it was placed close to the aluminium window.

So he changed the tube using the Crookes–Hittorf tube, which had a much thicker glass wall than the Lenard tube, might also cause this fluorescent effect.

👨🏼‍🔬In the late afternoon of 8 November 1895, Röntgen was determined to test his idea. He carefully constructed a black cardboard covering similar to the one he had used on the Lenard tube. He covered the Crookes–Hittorf tube with the cardboard and attached electrodes to a Ruhmkorff coil to generate an electrostatic charge. Before setting up the barium platinocyanide screen to test his idea, Röntgen darkened the room to test the opacity of his cardboard cover. As he passed the Ruhmkorff coil charge through the tube, he determined that the cover was light-tight and turned to prepare the next step of the experiment. It was at this point that Röntgen noticed a faint shimmering from a bench a few feet away from the tube. To be sure, he tried severalmore discharges and saw the same shimmering each time. Striking a match, he discovered the shimmering had come from the location of the barium platinocyanide screen he had been intending to use next.

👨🏼‍🔬Röntgen speculated that a new kind of ray might be responsible. 8 November was a Friday, so he took advantage of the weekend to repeat his experiments and made his first notes. In the following weeks, he ate and slept in his laboratory as he investigated many properties of the new rays he temporarily termed "X-rays", using the mathematical designation ("X") for something unknown. The new rays came to bear his name in many languages as "Röntgen rays" (and the associated X-ray radiograms as "Röntgenograms").

👨🏼‍🔬 At one point while he was investigating the ability of various materials to stop the rays, Röntgen brought a small piece of lead into position while a discharge was occurring. Röntgen thus saw the first radiographic image: his own flickering ghostly skeleton on the barium platinocyanide screen. He later reported that it was at this point that he decided to continue his experiments in secrecy, fearing for his professional reputation if his observations were in error.
About six weeks after his discovery, he took a picture—a radiograph—using X-rays of his wife Anna Bertha's hand. When she saw her skeleton she exclaimed 
I have seen my death
He later took a better picture of his friend Albert von Kölliker's hand at a public lecture.

Röntgen's original paper was published on 28 December 1895.
"On A New kind of Rays"
A man help everyone, after his death. He does not claim any patient to his invention. And also he spend his nobel prize money for research and development. He is the
  Father of diagnostic radiology

Myself Rajakani, PhD student from India

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular Post

Electromagnetic Spectrum-1

-
Image
Authors Rajakani,  Bartholomew Richard Electromagnetic Spectrum Electromagnetic Spectrum is a combination of different electromagnetic waves with different frequency. EM waves were order from lower frequency to higher frequency range. oh what are that? " Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible, UV, X Ray, Gamma Ray" How to remember everything., it is easy dude. Figure Credit: @chemistrywrites     Figure credit : Wikipedia Radio waves  Radio waves are an higher wavelength electromagnetic wave. Clark Maxwell first predicted radio waves with his theory, which measured as unit in Hz. you turn on a radio, the radio receives the radio waves in the air and converts them into an electrical signal, which is converted to sound waves, and the radio amplifier then boosts the sound waves so that you can hear the music. Figure Credit : India times      radio wave is broadcast in different frequencies which can include FM radio waves that broadcast between 88 MHz and 108 MHz, and AM
Read more

Electromagnetic spectrum-2

-
Image
 Author Rajakani Electromagnetic spectrum continuation.... Previous post about EMspectrum Visible Spectrum We are all see and enjoy colors from our day to day life. Human eye has some limitation to sense particular wavelength of electromagnetic spectrum, those are all we call as "visible light".  sun is the main natural source light up the world. Here, dispersion of light get VIBGYOR colors which means shorter wavelength to longer wavelength 3000-7000 Armstrong. oh ok how other colors are form like brown, black, pink etc. I n White light formation was depend on Primary colors like RGB model. RGB model is nothing Red, Green, Blue . combination of these 3 colors to form a white light.  its fully depends on light intensity if you have high intensity light of these 3 colors to form white light. sadly, if you do it in home with these 3 color crayons you get dark color only. because, proper mixture of these 3 colors only you get white. these RGB model was worked in most of day to d
Read more

Unit of "One word per hour"

-
Image
         Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac was an English theoretical Physicist and Noble Laureate, one of the developer of Quantum mechanics and Quantum electrodynamics. In 1933, He shared  Nobel Prize with Erwin Schrodinger     " The discovery of new productive form of atomic theory".          He formulated the Dirac Equation  to describe the behavior  of Fermions and predicted the existence of antimatter. He reconciliated general theory of relativity in quantum Mechanics. He and Fermi joined to form new era called "Fermi- Dirac Statistics"          Dirac was always teased by his friends and colleagues because of his unusual character. Albert Einstein wrote a letter to Paul Ehrenfest , " I have trouble with Dirac. This balancing on the dizzying path between genius and madness is awful".          Dirac studied electrical engineering on the city of Bristol University Scholarship at the University of Bristol engineering faculty, which was co-located with the Merc
Read more